In close coordination with the government and with partners providing assistance to IDPs in camps, out-of camp settlements, and host communities, IOM will provide CCCM support to displaced populations. Specifically, IOM will:

• Provide camp management support to government camp management actors, if applicable, facilitating coordination with service providers, partners, IDP community representatives, and authorities in Jeddah 1 camp.
• Provide CCCM training to local authorities, CCCM partners and the displaced population.
• Provide mobile camp management and camp management support to informal displacement sites.
• Establish and maintain governance and inclusive community participation structures in supported sites, through inclusive community consultations.
• Ensure maintenance and upgrade infrastructure in sites to maintain minimum safety and living standards.
• Implement necessary infrastructure and shelter upgrades for disability access and inclusion.
• Distribute NFIs, clothing, and hygiene kit through e-vouchers, ensuring accessibility and inclusivity of all assistance delivery mechanisms.
• Identify appropriate cash-for-work projects that align with camp needs and resident skillsets and other livelihood opportunities that can be supported within the camp setting. 
• Implement and oversee safety and security measures for camp residents and staff by developing contingency plans for emergencies or unexpected incidents within the camp.
• Promote community participation in camp decision-making processes such as establishing and supporting committees (e.g., women's committees, youth groups) to encourage diverse representation.
   

IOM Iraq’s work on disaster risk reduction (DRR) will contribute to the government’s efforts to implement the Sendai Framework for DRR 2015-2030. IOM’s DRR programme will develop strategies to reduce disaster risk and strengthen resilience, paying particular attention to at-risk communities, including displaced populations, and other vulnerable groups such as returnees. With this aim, IOM will:

• Conduct hazard mapping and multi-hazard risk assessments.
• Expand efforts for data collection and analysis of the impacts of disasters and climate change on displacement in the Southern and central parts of Iraq and extend to other affected areas.
• Maintain and establish community-based disaster risk management committees and establish community-level early warning systems in collaboration with local governance councils, national hydro-meteorological organizations and the national disaster management authority.
• Support on evacuation management and relocation guideline development for communities impacted by climate change and disasters.
• Conduct dialogue initiatives with key government and non-government stakeholders such as NGOs on mobility, risks, and resilience.
• Support capacity-strengthening of the government on risk-informed policies and strategies, including building knowledge of nature-based solutions as a means to prevent disasters/reduce the effects of disasters such as droughts and flash flooding, in addition to environmental sustainability.
• Plan/engage on disaster loss accounting and reporting system capacity development.
• Support communities to access information on disaster risk reduction and develop community-based early warning systems that can contribute to the prevention of disasters and increase preparedness.
   

IOM continues to be one of the main providers of reliable data on displacement, returns, mobility (both climate-related and others) and migration   in Iraq, including mobility tracking associated with sudden changes in context, via its Emergency Tracking programme. IOM DTM tools and processes allow IOM and partners to track the locations of IDPs and returnees and assess their living conditions to assist IOM and other stakeholders in the durable solutions landscape to implement evidence-based, informed programmatic activities, in line with the recommendations of the Data for Solutions to Internal Displacement (DSID) Taskforce. In addition, IOM’s DTM team will continue providing the necessary information for emergency, recovery, and crisis prevention programming. IOM’s main needs will be:

• Deploy Rapid Assessment and Response Teams (RARTs) to collect data on displacement in targeted locations across the country.
• Disseminate information and thematic reports on the number of IDPs and returnees at the governorate, district, subdistrict and location levels, their shelter type, the period of displacement, areas of origin for IDPs, areas of last displacement for returnees, barriers to return, progress towards the integration of IDPs and reintegration of returnees, and an overview on the severity of living conditions in areas of return and displacement, among others, for improved programming.
• Maintain flow monitoring activities in targeted border points in the country to collect data and produce analytical reports on migration movements with neighboring countries, focusing, among others, on protection risks and concerns among travelers passing through the monitored border crossing points.
• Produce data and analytical reports to enhance an understanding of the scope and impact of climate change and environmental migration in Iraq, with a particular focus on climate-induced displacement across the country.
• Expand IOM’s “Progress Towards Durable Solutions” Household Survey to sixteen new governorates in the country: Anbar, Babylon, Baghdad, Basrah, Dohuk, Diyala, Erbil, Kerbala, Kirkuk, Missan, Muthanna, Najaf, Qadissiya, Sulaymaniyah, Thi-Qar, and Wassit. The survey will collect data that in turn will measure overall progress in durable solutions in these governorates, specifically concerning return rates, persistent barriers of return per governorate, and overall progress in return and reintegration in each location.
• Roll-out Local Integration Household Surveys in three governorates (Sulaymaniyah, Erbil, and Dohuk), to measure the progress towards local integration amongst populations that remain displaced in these governorates.
• Produce ad hoc Emergency Tracking reports, providing timely data on the number of individuals displaced due sudden closures of IDP camps and informal settings, as well as border movements intensified by the regional security outlook.
• Enhance and develop engagement with Ministry of Migration and Displaced (MoMD), Ministry of Planning (MoP), Ministry of Finance (MoF)  , and Joint Crisis Coordination Centre (JCCC) on data-related issues, particularly on how to strengthen governmental capacity for data collection and analysis to reconcile discrepancies and build ownership through skills, systems, and knowledge transfer. IOM will seek additional opportunities to collaborate with the government for better incorporation and utilization for primary data, and where not possible, secondary data for anticipatory action in relation to disaster risk mitigation and adaptation.
   

IOM will continue supporting the overall economic recovery of Iraq with a specific focus on the provision of livelihood opportunities for displaced populations, returnees, and host community members. In partnership and coordination with the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (MoLSA), IOM’s range of livelihood activities will include the following:

• Support micro-enterprises and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that show potential for job creation through IOM Iraq’s EDF, providing grants to promising SMEs to facilitate business expansion and job creation; particularly for returnees and members of host   communities.
• Implement Access to Finance (A2F) initiatives targeting SMEs, with aims of providing financial services to micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Iraq, as well as making SMEs more appealing to financial service providers and vice versa. IOM’s activities include the establishment of commitment-based savings plans, training sessions in record-keeping and banking, mentorship services, and business-to-business workshops, among others.

Furthermore, IOM will continue implementing activities with the overarching goal of supporting short-term and long-term employability among targeted populations through an integrated approach, where IOM will:

• Increase sustainable livelihood opportunities, including through the implementation of vocational, on-the-job, and business trainings, facilitated by the provision of individual livelihoods assistance (ILA) packages;
• Increase sustainable livelihood opportunities targeting extra vulnerable households and individuals including women, youth, and persons with disabilities, ensuring inclusive access to training and employment, through the provision of consumption grants, life skills trainings, and business support packages; 
• Quick injection of funds in assisted communities via cash-for-work (CfW) activities, targeting local projects of public interest such as street cleaning, planting of trees, debris removal and debris recycling and other low-risk, low-complexity activities with a short implementation time;
• Contribute to local economy / rural development, through the rehabilitation of economic infrastructure that complements local value chains, including roads, markets, agricultural initiatives, or any other project helping to resume economic activity  
• Disburse emergency livelihoods assistance to households impacted by sudden IDP camp closures or similar events.
   

IOM will provide MHPSS services to mitigate and prevent the negative psychological consequences resulting from the difficult living conditions of migrants, IDPs, returnees and communities in protracted displacement (including climate-induced displacement) experiencing limited access to MHPSS services. IOM MHPSS services will be provided based on the IOM Manual on Community-Based MHPSS in Emergencies and Displacement, and the IASC Guidelines on MHPSS in Emergency Settings. IOM will:

• Facilitate access to MHPSS services while upholding key humanitarian standards and ensuring a do no harm approach. 
• Strengthen community support through group-based socio-relational, cultural, sport, creative and art-based activities. This approach helps affected populations to build agency and resilience not only in displacement but in their areas of return. 
• Provide focused MHPSS services (individual and group counselling), to beneficiaries.
• Provide psychiatric and clinical psychological consultations to people with preexisting and/or emerging forms of severe mental health conditions. 
• Design and conduct trainings and provide comprehensive support to facilitate the integration of MHPSS in peacebuilding and stabilization approaches. 
• Consolidate and expand the integration of MHPSS in livelihoods and development programme activities, in line with the above-mentioned Manuals,
• Support local communities, health systems, and authorities to monitor and respond to evolving long-term MHPSS needs in Iraq, including those associated with climate change and extreme weather conditions for timely preparedness and risk mitigation.
• Conduct targeted community-level awareness-raising activities to de-stigmatize mental health needs and care in Iraq and to promote access to these services.
• Integrate MHPSS into the relevant IOM’s Iraq’s programming   in line with the humanitarian- development-peace (HDP) nexus, for sustainable outcomes.
• Offer continuing support to the government to implement its National Strategy for Suicide Prevention (NSSP), including as a Ministry of Health-nominated member of the NSSP’s implementation committee.
• Support mental health associations in Iraq to improve the standards of care provided through training, capacity-strengthening, supervision and lessons learned;
• Facilitate partnership with academia to support evidence-based MHPSS practice and research, including on MHPSS and climate change, and MHPSS and peacebuilding, to draft recommendations for community-led responses.
   

IOM will continue to integrate peacebuilding and peace promotion activities into its programming in Iraq. IOM will:

• Support government efforts to promote stability in areas that are struggling to absorb the large numbers of individuals who spontaneously disengaged with armed groups following the military defeat of ISIL and now require assistance to transition back to civilian life.
• Enhance quality, accessibility, and inclusivity to education across Iraq, focusing on peace education for children, modernizing infrastructure, advancing digital education and improving social cohesion among children in areas of high returns and displacement. 
• Empower women and youth in areas of high returns and displacement through civic and political engagement activities and by facilitating grassroots digital campaigns.
• Strengthen local governance structures by building the capacity of local government officials and actors and community groups on inclusive and conflict-sensitive governance practices.  
• Support families and communities in ‘liberated’ areas with a perceived affiliation to VEOs to access durable solutions, including through support that enables them to return to and reconcile with communities in areas of origin.
• Bolster community resilience to future waves of violent extremism in these locations through PVE programming, aligned with the "National Strategy to Combat Violent Extremism Conducive to Terrorism" and implemented in close cooperation with the GoI, with a focus on supporting the government's PVE-related prioritiesd   .
• Support research into the drivers of conflict and displacement of former combatants and persons with perceived affiliation and methods to facilitate their reintegration and reconciliation into society.
• Engage tribal leaders and communities to facilitate safe returns for households through targeted tribal and community mediation and dialogue to better understand and prepare for return and reintegration processes. 
• Partner with government agencies to expand and strengthen community-based rehabilitation (CBR) programmes in displacement and return areas, ensuring they address the specific needs of youth and women with disabilities. 
• Carry out in-depth research on the intersection of vulnerabilities affecting persons with disabilities in displacement, return, and urban areas to evaluate the specific risks faced by this community.
• Advocate and direct support to victims of violent extremism in vulnerable areas that mainly host returnees from IDP camps and NES by mapping gaps and barriers to reparation and compensation schemes, in addition to system strengthening and facilitating open communication between beneficiaries and government stakeholders  . 

IOM Iraq will continue its climate security engagement by implementing programming that addresses the root drivers of conflict, instability, and fragility through a localized and community driven approach centred on number of integrated pillars. Main activities will include:

• Support regional and national government in preparation and engagement with climate diplomacy in mainstreaming human security and climate-induced displacement considerations.
• Strengthen the capacity of environmental CSOs across Iraq to increase both community resilience to climate change and sensitization in support of climate action.  
• Support inclusive knowledge exchange interactions between academic institutions to share their research findings, good practices, and lessons learned on climate change, security and mobility-related topics. 
• Support increased community capability around natural resource and conflict mediation mechanisms in climate-affected areas through small-scale green quick impact projects (QIPs): 
  • Green QIPs are small-scale and low-cost projects that can improve aimed at improving sustainable access to natural resources and/or mitigate against the impacts of climate change.
• Support full integration of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) and nature-based solutions (NbS) in programmatic interventions that work to increase communal resilience to environmental degradation. 
• Support community and youth-led initiatives including awareness-raising, debate and advocacy programmes, and city cleaning.

• Engage climate-impacted areas in Iraq in identifying the main impacts of the changing climate on their communities  , particularly with regards to loss of livelihoods, impact on basic services such as water distribution, and climate-induced displacement associated with these trends, to inform programming.
• Strengthen the capacity of subnational government counterparts to enhance climate resilience in areas affected by water scarcity, desertification and other climate shocks. The support will be provided in the form of technical capacity around the design of climate-resilient infrastructure, integrated water resources management and ecosystem-based management.
• Implement community-led initiatives (CLIs) to equip the community with skills, means, and resources, to tackle public issues arising from the effects of climate change on their communities.
• Mainstream climate change in IOM’s range of livelihoods and economic recovery programming, including through the provision of specific business grants to green businesses and agricultural business in need of financial support to mitigate the impacts of desertification in Iraq.
• Target individuals whose livelihoods were impacted by climate change in Iraq, via the provision of individual livelihoods assistance to adapt to or mitigate the impact on loss of income or productive activities.
• Rehabilitate infrastructure linked to the provision of public services impacted by climate change associated events, such as water distribution networks and public health facilities.
   

IOM’s overarching protection goal is to place the rights and well-being of migrants, including IDPs –regardless of their status– as well as other vulnerable and at risk populations, at the centre of its operations. This approach means ensuring the protection of migrants across the full spectrum of migration management and governance. IOM uses a rights-based approach to identify and address needs in emergency, transition and development contexts, seeking to secure individual and group rights and support societies to create environments where rights are protected, respected and upheld. This entails:

1. Provide specialized protection services, such as child protection measures, activities to mitigate the risk of and respond to GBV and robust action to counter human trafficking. 
2. Provide protection and assistance to migrants vulnerable to violence, exploitation, and abuse, and facilitate safe, dignified and rights-based return, readmission, and sustainable reintegration of migrants throughout the migration process and along migration routes. 
3. Provide preventive and responsive specialized GBV interventions directly through the IOM Protection team or implementing partners, including the SASA Together! approach, which focuses on addressing the root causes of GBV and fostering community ownership.

Institutionally, IOM engages with the GoI, CSOs and local NGOs to strengthen their preparedness to respond to immediate needs, while bolstering long-term development efforts, thereby contributing to the humanitarian-development-peace nexus. Protection monitoring will continue to be conducted with specific target groups which include those returning from Al-Hol camp in NES. This supports IOM’s advocacy efforts and informs evidence-based programming. 

 In line with IOM’s Policy on RRR, IOM will continue to enhance crisis-affected populations and migrants in vulnerable situations’ access to safe, dignified, and rights-based pathways for return, readmission, and sustainable reintegration: 

• To ensure migrants’ sustainable reintegration, continue to offer protection services to individuals including economic, social and psychosocial services, and scale up community-level reintegration initiatives to foster acceptance of migrant returnees within their host communities and the promotion of financial and social inclusion;
• Continue to engage with the private sector to create employment opportunities, improve returnees’ skillsets, and support entrepreneurship and small business development. Moreover, IOM will link its private sector partners to the NRM to provide a variety of comprehensive services for Iraqis returning from abroad.    
   

IOM’s S-NFI interventions will focus on populations in protracted displacement in out-of-camp locations, particularly in informal displacement sites, and those facing sudden displacement due to natural or man-made causes, including IDP camp closures. Assistance may also be provided to returnees and members of return communities in locations with critical needs. IOM will:

• Provide critical shelter upgrades where IDPs are displaced in unfinished transitional locations or locations not intended to serve as shelters, such as public buildings, schools, mosques and other makeshift shelters, considering the related WASH, CCCM, and housing, land, and property (HLP) activities as needed. The shelter response will aim at significantly improving safety, security and privacy for targeted IDPs.
• Improve and dignify living conditions for families. Light rehabilitation will focus on shelters in informal settlements that need essential repairs to grant safety, privacy, and protection from weather conditions. This intervention modality will be implemented in parallel with critical upgrades based on each site assessment, and serve the purpose of rationalizing efficiency by helping more people with fewer resources;
• Provide sealing-off kits (SOKs), which are designed to provide families with an essential package of items to seal their living space as a quick relief, short-term shelter solution, especially to protect from harsh weather conditions. While SOKs are not intended to provide the same level of assistance as a full-scale rehabilitation project, they can already assist as part of a longer, incremental approach where more durable interventions will be obtained over time. The SOK package contains a range of shelter and WASH items, which are based on the needs identified by each family, as supported by IOM’s qualified staff, making the intervention flexible and adapted to the needs and context. SOKs will be distributed using the in-kind modality.
• Provide basic NFI kits to cover essential needs through both in-kind assistance and vouchers for the purchase of basic NFI kits. This will be directed at vulnerable displaced households as a one-off support.
• Provide replacement items targeting the IDP households who have received NFI assistance in the past, but require additional support to replace used, damaged, or lost items, or items that they were not able to bring with them during secondary displacement following camp closures or other sudden displacements. These replacement items usually are covered by the distribution of vouchers, enabling the households to stabilize and contributing to longer-term displacement solutions.
   

IOM health programming will continue to support the provision of comprehensive essential primary healthcare services to IDPs, returnees and host communities; promote community health and empower communities to take health decisions through community health promotion and engagement activities; and work with the government to strengthen the health system in Iraq. In addition, IOM will work on generating evidence to drive solutions to displacement and associated health risks, including those related to climate change, and support the development of health adaptation plans at the national and subnational levels. IOM health activities will include:

• Support provision and restoration of primary health care services in camps and out of camps through technical and operational support.
• Implement health promotion and community engagement activities.
• Support preparedness and response efforts to diseases outbreaks.
• Strengthen capacities of frontline healthcare providers. 
• Strengthen capacities of communities to address health risks.
• Maintain support to the National Tuberculosis (TB) Programme to reduce TB transmission in Iraq through improved detection and treatment of TB cases.
• Conduct Population Mobility Mapping activities. 
• Rehabilitate health facilities and provide essential equipment and supplies.
• Improve awareness on climate change-related health risks.
• Generate evidence on climate health vulnerabilities and support the development of health adaptation plans.
• Support the GoI in meeting requirements of the International Health Regulations (2005) through supporting implementation of the National Action Plan on Health Security.  
• Contribute to strengthen public health capacities at points of entry (PoEs) by training border staff on prevention, detection and management of public health risks and supporting rehabilitation and equipping of PoEs health centere.

IOM’s community stabilization programming will continue to address drivers of instability at the community level to establish foundations for longer-term recovery, and reduce the drivers of forced migration. IOM will focus on communities of origin and return in Iraq to support returns, relocation and reintegration by addressing the main barriers to this process. IOM's durable solutions strategy aims at providing means for IDPs to sustainably resolve their displacement and thrive in their community of return or relocation by looking at the root causes of displacement. The main components will be the restoration of basic rights, helping vulnerable populations access public services and promoting inclusivity of public services, promoting nonviolent conflict resolution, and facilitating safe and durable (re)integration with specific attention to the needs of persons with disabilities. IOM will:

• Promote social cohesion and enable communities to manage local conflicts and promote a culture of peace, fostering community reconciliation.
• Promote non-violent political processes, civic education, social policy development, and support inclusive economic recovery by working with community members, groups and civil society organizations to support the engagement of vulnerable or marginalized groups, specifically youth, women and persons with disability, in political processes and local policy development. 
• Support research and assessments examining the efficacity of social cohesion programming, including in-depth research on barriers to reintegration in tribal communities and supporting thematic research, reports and factsheets on durable solutions. 
• Strengthen the capacity of youth and women with disabilities in return and displacement areas through leadership and advocacy programmes. 
• Strengthen the capacity of organizations of persons with disabilities (OPDs) to actively engage in policy-making processes and advocate for the rights and needs of persons with disabilities, contributing to the development of inclusive policies and programmes at the local and national levels.
• Under the Facilitated and Voluntary Movement (FVM) Programme, support IDPs to make voluntary and informed decisions regarding their return, reintegration, and/or local integration to their chosen location.
• Implement community-based planning and community engagement strategies to ensure targeted communities are equipped to identify, advocate, and act upon the main barriers to return, design development interventions in their communities and empower them to advocate for better access to services, livelihoods and housing vis-a-vis local authorities.
• Provide reintegration services to respond to the needs of returnees, IDPs and affected communities to support recovery and stabilization by linking communities with key assistance services, through community resource centres (CRCs).
• Facilitate access to services, through the rehabilitation of key community infrastructure, including roads, markets, electricity grids and water networks, public buildings, health centres, and schools.
• Support returnees to overcome  communal barriers   in their return areas with tailored tribal engagement activities and case management for improving their resilience in their communities and addressing gaps towards reconciliation and durable solutions.
   

IOM aims to contribute to enhanced security and stability in Iraq through continued community engagement and policing (CEP) approaches, and will:

• Increase confidence in public institutions through inclusive community engagement in decision-making during the local safety and security dialogues
• Provide institutional capacity-strengthening for the Community Policing (CP) department within Ministry of Interior (MoI), 
• Support civic engagement with a focus on women’s empowerment in the local security dialogue.  
   

Building on policy-level progress in Iraq, IOM will:

• Continue to strengthen government capacities to perform core functions in a way that increases participatory decision-making, strengthens mutual trust, and builds accountability, including supporting the implementation of the Yazidi Survivor Law.
• Advocate for the right to reparations through awareness-raising programming and information campaigns. This will include policy guidance, expert advice and technical support to governments and local and international stakeholders to promote the transparent delivery of individual and collective reparations measures.
   

IOM will continue to provide legal assistance focused on civil documentation   and HLP issues. The overall goal is to remove barriers to return, improve access to public services like education, healthcare, and social protection networks, and empower individuals to exercise their fundamental rights, including freedom of movement and due process. To continue these efforts to support durable solutions for displacement, IOM will:

• Continue providing direct legal assistance to access civil documentation and secure HLP rights for IDPs (including those in informal settlements), returnees, host communities, Iraqi migrants abroad and within the country, as well as Iraqi nationals returning from Northeast Syria (NES).
• Provide assistance to climate-induced IDPs, ensuring they can obtain legal identity and civil documentation and secure their HLP rights.
• Facilitate access to government compensation through legal representation, counseling, and awareness-raising activities, as well as capacity-strengthening for government officials at both the national and local levels.
• Provide advanced training to CSOs on civil documentation and HLP rights, equipping them with the necessary knowledge and skills to offer legal assistance to affected populations.
• Work towards system strengthening to address structural and systemic barriers that prevent access to civil documentation and HLP rights. This will include logistical support to expand government coverage in identified locations and training officials to on registration and issuance of documentation.
• Contribute to the work of the DSTWG sub-group on Housing and HLP.
• Improve access to safe, dignified, and sustainable housing, by engaging in housing rehabilitation and/or reconstruction through direct tendering by IOM. 
• Provide financial support to owners for rehabilitation purposes (through an owner-driven approach), providing rental assistance to beneficiaries in need of temporary solutions or who are subjected to urban displacement (rental assistance approach), and providing shelter solutions to populations displaced in urban settings, leveraging elements of urban and settlement planning, and capitalizing on IOM’s expertise on shelter rehabilitation.
   

To support the recovery of conflict-affected governorates and contribute to the stability of communities  , IOM will continue collaborating with governorate and district-level authorities to facilitate the following interventions:

• Identify critical infrastructural needs and provide rehabilitation support to facilities such as water treatment plants, reverse osmosis (RO) stations and water and irrigation systems. 
• Identify and rehabilitate key community water distribution networks in urban and rural areas to mitigate pressure on community resources and address potential sources of community tension and resource dispute. 
• Engage in training and capacity-strengthening activities aiming at developing the population's skills in the rural water sector;
• Invest in the rehabilitation of water distribution systems and other structures impacted by the effects of climate change to tackle desertification/droughts and contribute to community resilience in resisting the impacts of changing climate patterns in Iraq.

To support the establishment of key resource management systems and hence contribute to the resilience of conflict-affected governorates, stability of communities, and increment water availability and rational use, IOM will continue collaborating with governorate and district-level authorities to facilitate the following interventions:

• When relevant, collaborate with research institutions and/or local governance structures and communities to tailor and develop a replicable and systematized integrated water resources management (IWRM) methodology for climate change affected areas across the country encompassing natural resources, and socioeconomic and institutional systems at the district/municipality levels. 
• Roll out a spatial analysis of water and natural resources availability with water demands based on socioeconomic needs, with support to the development of water management plans at different administrative levels to assist government counterparts in engaging in rational water usage/distribution. 
• Replicate and/or scale-up the IWRM methodology and its subsequent capacity-strengthening strategy, and establish water user committees at a community level, while also focusing on women's role in the water governance decision-making.
   

In 2025, IOM will continue engaging civil society and affected communities to create spaces for dialogue and build capacity in the provision of durable solutions to displacement, address drivers of displacement and instability and promote the sustainable return and reintegration of Iraqi nationals from NES. Main activities will include:  

• Continue the collaboration in durable solutions with the GoI, providing technical assistance in durable solutions to partner organizations and developing tools and methodologies for inclusiveness in providing durable solutions.
• Carry out training workshops on durable solutions for civil society, national, regional and local authorities, and international actors engaged in the durable solutions space, in line with IOM’s responsibility to enhance knowledge and understanding of durable solutions. These capacity strengthening events also offer a platform for awareness raising and advocacy on issues pertaining to solutions and to complement joint advocacy   .
• Organize policy dialogues with relevant actors, notably the KRG authorities, MoMD, MoP, and the Human Rights Adviser alongside governorate-level authorities. These dialogues will focus on discussing the recurrent barriers being faced by displacement-affected  communities  to achieving durable solutions, and to promote collaboration with authorities for the implementation of solutions at the policy level. 
• Continue strategic engagement with the GoI and other stakeholders to support a human-rights based return and reintegration process for the Iraqi nationals returning from NES. 
   

IOM will work with partners to make existing and new regular pathways accessible and inclusive to enable individuals to benefit from opportunities for development and protection. IOM will:

• Promote ethical recruitment practices by strengthening the capacity of government authorities to better regulate the recruitment industry to protect the rights of crisis-affected and vulnerable Iraqis and migrants, preventing forced labor and human trafficking. IOM will further collaborate with the private sector to ensure ethical recruitment practices that uphold migrant rights, emphasizing the importance of fair labor standards.
• Engage with the Government of Iraq to expand access to essential healthcare and social protection for all, fostering complementary pathways to protection and addressing the root causes of irregular migration.
• Conduct awareness-raising campaigns and research collaborations to prevent human trafficking and exploitation. These efforts will promote fair labor practices and contribute to sustainable solutions for migrant workers and crisis-affected communities with an aim to also minimize migrant smuggling.
   

IOM will continue to support the GoI in ensuring a humanitarian approach to border management through strengthening capacities at both the central level and in border areas.  

• As part of  integrated approaches to border management, IOM  prioritizes tailored capacity-strengthening, infrastructure enhancement, provision of essential border management equipment, and fostering inter-agency coordination on humanitarian border management.
• Additionally, conduct migration research, including border assessments, to provide evidence-based insights for the development of target policies and strategic interventions, further assisting the GoI in improving humanitarian border management procedures to facilitate safe and regular migration pathways.