Lake Chad Basin Crisis Response Plan 2022

Regional Plan
Last updated: February 22 2022
Funding updated: April 01 2023
$191,950,000
Funding required
2,968,000
People Targeted

IOM Vision

IOM’s engagement in the four riparian states of the Lake Chad Basin, namely Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria, aims to directly supports the Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC), central and local level authorities in the implementation of interventions spanning across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus (HDPN). In alignment with the LCBC’s Regional Strategy for the Stabilization, Recovery, and Resilience of the areas of the Lake Chad Basin region impacted by crises, IOM supports the LCBC and its Member States to provide humanitarian assistance to displaced populations, prevent and reduce conflict drivers, and support the attainment of durable solutions for conflict-affected populations.

Objective 1 - Saving lives and protecting people on the move
Objective
Saving lives and protecting people on the move

$88,800,000
Funding required
860,000
People Targeted
54
Entities Targeted
Internally displaced person, Local population / community, Refugee
Primary target groups
Description of People and Entities Targeted

In order to alleviate suffering of conflict-affected populations, and ensure that lifesaving humanitarian needs are met, IOM assists internally displaced persons (IDPs), refugees and host communities in areas of displacement throughout the Lake Chad Basin region.

Funding confirmed 28%
72% Funding gap

Shelter and settlements

IOM will continue to provide tailored shelter/non-food item (NFI) assistance to the most vulnerable IDPs displaced by the Lake Chad Basin crisis, IDPs returning to areas of origin and vulnerable host communities to address urgent needs and alleviate suffering, including through:

  • Distribution of NFI and emergency shelter kits;
  • Maintenance of shelters in camp settings;
  • Provision of transitional shelter solutions;
  • Rehabilitation and reconstruction of shelter for host, displaced and returnee households  in host and return communities;
  • Host community support through cash-for-work;
  • Providing support to vulnerable women and girls with gender-specific NFI kits, and support to school-aged children with education and NFI kits;

Interventions will be in line with the shelter/NFI cluster guidelines and Sphere standards in all four affected countries, and the target population (IDPs in sites, collective centres, in host communities as well as vulnerable host communities) will be selected through transparent processes adapted to the local context and relevant vulnerability criteria with a particular attention to gender balance.

 

Funding required
$45,500,000
Funding confirmed
$5,794,371
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
12%
Funding confirmed
88%
Funding gap

Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian response

Following IOM’s Manual on Community-Based Mental Health and Psychosocial  Support in Emergencies and Displacement, the Organization will target displaced and host communities affected by the Lake Chad Basin crisis. This will include:

  • Conducting MHPSS assessments to identify the needs, available resources, approaches, and key stakeholders in affected areas;
  • Implementing individual and group MHPSS activities in target communities through psychosocial mobile teams (PMT), addressing psychosocial needs and strengthen community networks, as well as assist survivors of gender-based violence (GBV) through community-based and sociorelational activities (art-based, sports and play, socio-cultural);
  • Strengthening local capacities to carry out community-based MHPSS activities and therefore ensuring sustainability for the future;
  • Conducting training for local stakeholders on the provision of psychological first aid (PFA); 
  • Creating resource centres and safe spaces for vulnerable community members;
  • Deploying psychosocial mobile teams (PMTs), referral teams and community animators in displacement areas;
  • Coordinating with Ministries of Health for the deployment of psychiatric nurses where service gaps exist.

IOM will continue to ensure that standards set for instance by the IASC Reference Group on MHPSS in Emergency Settings and internationally recommended procedures are followed, responses are coordinated, respectfully of IOM’s data protection principles and that a common understanding is established among MHPSS partners on MHPSS concepts and terms, principles and models of work, community-based approaches and information sharing in the Far North of Cameroon and North-East Nigeria, where IOM leads the MHPSS response.

Funding required
$4,250,000
Funding confirmed
$1,604,728
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
37%
Funding confirmed
63%
Funding gap

Provision of water, sanitation and hygiene in emergencies

IOM will continue to provide safe access to sufficient water, sanitation and hygiene services in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa states in Nigeria, as well as in the Diffa region in Niger. This will include:

  • Ensuring sufficient and safe access to potable water;
  • Supporting safe, dignified, andappropriate excreta management (sanitation);
  • Ensuring access to appropriate quality personal hygiene items, including menstrual hygiene management (MHM);
  • Conducting hygiene promotion using local gender-balanced hygiene promotors to encourage improved hygiene practices to support public health;
  • Supporting solid waste management;
  • Ensuring adequate drainage at WASH facilities such as showers, laundry and water points in coordination with CCCM actors;
  • Constructing household latrines in support of the e-shelters provided;
  • Constructing gender-segregated communal latrines in schools, hospitals and other public spaces;
  • Conducting COVID-19 sensitization campaigns on sanitation and hygiene and developing related IEC materials.
  • Setting up WASH committees to ensure ongoing operation and maintenance of the facilities.

Priority areas of intervention include host communities with large groups of displaced households and camps, particularly congested-camps and camps with low accessibility of WASH services, camp-like sites, host communities around settlements without WASH services, and reception centres. 

Funding required
$20,500,000
Funding confirmed
$2,905,247
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
14%
Funding confirmed
86%
Funding gap

Direct health support

IOM will continue to work with the Ministries of Health and health sector partners in Chad, Niger and Nigeria to provide systematic approaches to enhancing healthcare provision in camp and camp-like settings. This will include:

  • Implementing prevention and control of communicable diseases, especially in camp settings;
  • Supporting the provision of life saving primary health care services to vulnerable population;
  • Supporting mass and routine vaccination in line with the expanded programme on immunization, and capacity building of health professionals, to contribute to health systems strengthening and health information management;
  • Establishing emergency referral and support systems.
Funding required
$6,000,000
Funding confirmed
$124,368
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
2%
Funding confirmed
98%
Funding gap

Protection

IOM supports its Member States to augment national and local capacity to mitigate protection concerns, including through:

  • Strengthening the capacities of government, local authorities, security forces, and community members involved in the protection of crisis-affected populations on topics including but not limited to child protection, gender-based violence (GBV), protection mainstreaming, and trafficking in persons;
  • Implementing direct assistance to individual at risk or having experienced violence, exploitation and abuse, including GBV survivors and victims of trafficking, providing communication on referral mechanisms and reinforcing effective referral mechanisms;
  • Providing capacity building for protection committees to enhance community-based protection structures;
  • Conducting participatory community assessments on security and safe places for women and girls within the community;
  • Conducting sensitization campaigns to raise awareness on existing protection risks, available referral mechanisms, and resources.
Funding required
$4,500,000
Funding confirmed
$1,265,297
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
28%
Funding confirmed
72%
Funding gap

Camp coordination and camp management

IOM’s proposed response in camp coordination and camp management (CCCM) in Chad, Niger and Nigeria will be aimed at displaced households settled in formal camps, spontaneous sites and collective centers as well as large groups of IDPs living in host communities and urban centers that could benefit from the services. IOM plans to:

  • Reinforce the capacities of governments and humanitarian actors in site management through training and coaching in all three countries (in Niger, IOM’s intervention will focus on out of camps approaches);
  • Deploy site management and mobile teams to conduct participatory coordination of services and identification of gaps, establish governance structures as well as complaints and feedbacks mechanisms and implement two-way communication, particularly also risk communication and community engagement on COVID-19;
  • Conduct small site improvement works notably to mitigate GBV risks and prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Funding required
$8,050,000
Funding confirmed
$2,183,508
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
27%
Funding confirmed
73%
Funding gap

Multi-sectoral support

Includes funding which supports multi-sectoral interventions or cannot be attributed to a specific activity area.
Funding confirmed
$11,839,612
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
A woman who has received shelter support stands in front of her house in Lake Chad province, Chad. @ IOM Chad, 2021
A woman who has received shelter support stands in front of her house in Lake Chad province, Chad. @ IOM Chad, 2021

Objective 2 - Driving solutions to displacement
Objective
Driving solutions to displacement

$78,000,000
Funding required
1,700,000
People Targeted
100
Entities Targeted
Internally displaced person, Local population / community, Refugee
Primary target groups
Description of People and Entities Targeted

IDPs and refugees are beginning to return to areas of origin and underlining the need to support localized efforts to transition back into normalcy and attain durable solutions, IOM supports humanitarian, recovery, and governance efforts in areas of displacement and return of conflict-affected persons, including returnees, IDPs seeking shelter in newly-safe areas and communities who stayed behind.

In its effort to support strengthened local governance, community resilience and social cohesion, IOM supports local authorities through capacity building and infrastructure rehabilitation to enable the provision of basic services to their communities.

Funding confirmed 13%
87% Funding gap

Community stabilization

IOM engages its Member States at national and local levels to contribute to the recovery and resilience-building of conflict-affected populations throughout the Lake Chad Basin through community stabilization interventions in order to enhance stability and security, restore access to effective local governance structures and mechanisms, rebuild trust and social cohesion among community members, vulnerable populations and local authorities, and lay the foundations for durable solutions, lasting peace and sustainable development. 

Aligned with the objectives of the RSS, IOM’s strategy to reinforcing stability engages conflict-affected communities and local authorities in transparent, participatory processes to jointly and constructively discuss community grievances, and identify solutions contributing to local recovery and social cohesion. In doing so, IOM employs a two-pronged approach which includes:

  • Supporting communities in addressing the root causes of instability by addressing drivers identified through consultative decision-making processes and supporting governments in Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria to rapidly respond to community priorities;
  • Engaging communities and authorities, based on the outcomes of the locally-driven consultative decision-making processes, to implement the solutions and way forward identified, including support to infrastructure rehabilitations, livelihoods support, civil society engagement, among other possible targeted responses, to maintain the positive momentum of constructive collaboration and contribute to lasting recovery and peace.
Funding required
$35,200,000
Funding confirmed
$6,980,627
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
19%
Funding confirmed
81%
Funding gap

Durable solutions

As displaced populations continue to return to their places of origin, there is an urgent need to support recovery efforts and build community resilience to address the factors of displacement. Through Progressive Resolution of Displacement Situations framework, IOM operates in areas of return deemed conducive to longer-term sustainable recovery by working to promote socio-economic recovery, including through support to social cohesion, local governance restoration, and through renewing access to livelihoods and to greater economic opportunities. Activities will include:

  • Improving access to basic social services, including access to health care;
  • Restoring key community infrastructure;
  • Implementing income-generating activities to enable self-reliance and improve the livelihood situation of returnees and host communities;
  • Facilitating community mobilization to create community platforms in the areas of return identified as stable to engage local authorities and community leaders from the communities who have stayed behind, IDP returnee communities and IDPs, engaging youth, women and civil society organizations whenever possible;
  • Supporting local authorities in crisis-affected areas of return in the north-east to restore community access to public services through the rehabilitation of prioritized community facilities;
  • Providing housing, land and property support for land acquisition and ensuring security of tenure of durable solutions shelter beneficiaries and conduct land advocacy with state and local governments.
Funding required
$21,800,000
Plan types

Peacebuilding and peace preservation

To promote peace in the Lake Chad Basin region, IOM will support the transitioning of communities out of conflict, notably through community-based conflict management, providing support to community reconciliation processes intended to mitigate the drivers of conflict. Activities will target the most vulnerable youth while building their sense of purpose. Interventions will include:

  • Empowering existing local conflict mitigation mechanisms, specifically targeting conflicts linked to land tenure and the use of resources;
  • Supporting participatory local decision-making processes to define priority activities and infrastructures that contribute to conflict mitigation or resolution and support relevant line ministries to respond to this collective prioritization in direct response to communities who may otherwise be aggrieved;
  • Strengthening the capacities of local leaders and authorities to promote peace and social cohesion within communities and provide technical assistance to the regional authorities to reinforce governance mechanisms.
Funding required
$21,000,000
Funding confirmed
$3,936,241
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
18%
Funding confirmed
82%
Funding gap

Objective
Strengthen preparedness and reduce disaster risk

$10,950,000
Funding required
407,500
People Targeted
121
Entities Targeted
Local population / community
Primary target groups
Description of People and Entities Targeted

IOM will support national and local authorities to reinforce preparedness and disaster risk reduction and will assist those communities most-at-risk of natural disasters and disease outbreaks.

Disaster prevention

In line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) 2015–2030 and underpinned by broad multi-stakeholder engagement, IOM’s disaster risk reduction (DRR) efforts in the region will include:

  • Enhancing the capacity of governments, partners and communities in DRR, specifically supporting them to develop or update policies and strategies;
  • Conducting assessments and mapping of risks and establish early warning systems and community risk reduction activities as well as information, education and communication campaigns;
  • Implementing small-scale infrastructural mitigation works, specifically to address floods risk;
  • Supporting activities in all countries, notably multi-hazard risk assessments, the development of early warning systems, sensitization campaigns and establishment of community- disaster risk management systems, with a specific focus on floods and droughts, as part of its co-leading role of the capacity for disaster reduction initiative (CADRI) for West and Central Africa,
Funding required
$3,000,000
Plan types

Emergency preparedness - rename

IOM will increase its preparedness efforts in all countries as well as support authorities and communities, through:

  • Developing preparedness and contingency plans based on risk analysis and contributing to inter-agency planning;
  • Strengthening risk monitoring tools, minimum preparedness actions and contingency planning activities;
  • Conducting trainings, capacity building efforts and simulations on how to respond to large populations movements and specific crisis situations.
Funding required
$6,750,000
Plan types

Points of entry

IOM will continue to work with the Ministries of Health and relevant border management authorities to support the prevention, protection against, and control of the spread of diseases, including COVID-19, through:

  • Supporting surveillance at points of entry and the implementation of the International Health Regulations (2005).
Funding required
$1,200,000
Plan types

Objective
Contribute to an evidence-based and efficient crisis response system

$14,200,000
Funding required
At risk communities
People Targeted
345
Entities Targeted
Description of People and Entities Targeted

Actors engaged in the Lake Chad Basin crisis response across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus.

Funding confirmed 14%
86% Funding gap

Displacement tracking - rename

IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix continues to serve as a critical data source on displacements across the Lake Chad Basin for governments, and national and international partners alike. Through regular collection, analysis and dissemination of data on displacements and stability, the DTM continues providing key stakeholders with essential understanding of population movements, trends over time, and the evolving needs of conflict-affected populations across the Lake Chad Basin. Across the Lake Chad Basin countries, IOM supports collective evidence-based decisions-making through its implementation of the following data collection exercises:

 

  • Displacement Tracking: monitoring displacement, including gender and age disaggregation, service delivery, and key needs and gaps across communities;
  • Emergency tracking tool (ETT): reinforcing monitoring and first alert mechanisms in situations of spontaneous large-scale displacements, enabling rapid referral and rapid paper registrations;
  • Return intention surveys (RIS): providing an understanding over time of IDP intentions and priority concerns promoting or preventing return, thereby informing durable solutions planning;
  • Village assessment surveys (VAS):  providing baseline data on needs and gaps in areas of interest to support area-based programming and enable adapted planning, coordination and targeting of transition and recovery activities;
  • Stability index: supporting policy making and early recovery planning through monitoring of stability in return areas and identifying areas with pockets of stability that are primed to return and reintegration activities for conflict-affected communities, enabling partners to better develop strategies and plan operations for interventions that integrate humanitarian, recovery and stabilization components;
  • Points of Entry: tracking impacts of COVID-19 in human mobility spans across key monitoring initiatives, including on international travel restrictions, mobility and points of entry, and impacts on migrants, IDPs, and flows. Data collection will continue across the Lake Chad Basin to address specific needs faced by migrants and mobile populations. 
  • Deploy ad hoc systems, such as biometric registration to ensure delivery assistance is effective, as needed in areas of displacement.

In order to ensure greater support to the Lake Chad Basin Commission in its efforts across the humanitarian-development nexus to address needs and end displacement, IOM will further engage with governmental counterparts to ensure capacity transfer and appropriation on specific data collection activities conducted for several years in the Lake Chad Basin region.

Funding required
$14,200,000
Funding confirmed
$2,036,734
Last updated: 01 Apr 2023
Plan types
14%
Funding confirmed
86%
Funding gap
Operational presence in

Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Chad

The map used here is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM.

Figures are as of 31 December 2023. For more details of IOM's operational capacity in country, please see the IOM Capacity section.

With thanks to our current donors