IOM Madagascar’s protection activities will seek to address the protection needs of crisis affected/at-risk populations, including vulnerable migrants, IDPs, victims of trafficking (VoT) and migrant smuggling by:

• Building the capacity of relevant actors to screen, identify and refer victims of trafficking among the crisis-affected population.
• Providing emergency protection assistance and referrals as needed to IDPs and vulnerable migrants that require first care, psychological support and social care;
• Providing emergency assistance to VoT and vulnerable migrants and returnees in need in terms of transportation, shelter, as well as other basic needs such as clothing, meals and hygiene kits;
• Supporting VoT and vulnerable migrant returnees in need with economic reintegration and empowerment through the provision of life-skills training and training in the management of income-generating activities;
• Raising awareness for VoT, returnees, including those in camps or displaced from their communities of origin due to drought, cyclone or economic hardship, as well as the general public, about the dangers of trafficking in persons and migrant smuggling by installing roll-ups, projecting videos, displaying posters and spreading flyers in international airports and ports;
• Creating hotlines for reporting of trafficking in persons, migrant smuggling, exploitation and GBV cases, managed by national counterparts (such as BNLTEH), which will be indicated in the awareness-raising materials;  
• Building the capacities of law enforcement authorities, prosecutors, and judges on migrant smuggling, trafficking in persons and gender-based violence (GBV), and equipping them with analytical, rapid information sharing, interagency coordination and international cooperation tools for prevention of migrant smuggling and trafficking in persons;
• Provide capacity building to humanitarian actors, such as local and international partners, and members of the Cluster System (Protection, Emergency Shelter, Health, Education, Food Security & Livelihoods, Nutrition, WASH, Communication and Community Engagement, Coordination & Common Services) on counter-trafficking and smuggling as well as emergency assistance.

IOM will deliver life-saving humanitarian WASH services to affected populations including through:

• Conducting community dialogues and needs assessments to identify WASH needs; 
• Providing WASH services to address identified needs, including, but not limited to the provision of safe water through water trucking, wells and/or boreholes, installation of latrines and hygiene promotion to prevent the spreading of diseases and upholding public health.

IOM will deliver life-saving humanitarian CCCM services to affected populations including through:

• Providing camp management services at identified camp or camp-like settings, including collective centres;
• Undertaking registration of displaced populations at displacement areas (camp or camp-like setting) to facilitate humanitarian actors to deliver assistance. The registration will also gather information on the vulnerability of IDPs;
• Providing technical support and capacity building of local authorities on the management of displaced population and out of camp CCCM.

IOM will support the immediate needs of the displaced populations through the provision of shelter assistance, but also address the needs towards transitional shelter solutions. Activities will include:

• Undertaking of technical evaluations of structural damages of residential infrastructure, to assess the buildings: (1) in condition to receive the returns of the displaced population; (2) in need of minor rehabilitation before receiving returning households, and; (3) not in a condition to receive returning households in a safe manner and recommended for rebuilding or heavy works.
• Construction of communal emergency shelters (hangars) as temporary shelter solutions to displaced populations who must vacate collective centres (schools, churches) while family transitional shelter solutions are under construction;
• Provision of transitional shelter assistance to populations whose houses have been destroyed or damaged by the cyclone as a combination of cash and in-kind assistance and including potential site planning of relocation areas for the transitional shelters;
• Provision of rental subsidy to the populations whose house have been destroyed. The subsidy will be provided for a duration of six months while they secure land and construct durable housing.

IOM will continue to assist the Government of Madagascar to prepare for seasonal outbreaks of plague, and contribute to efforts to control its spread along internal mobility corridors by:

• Deploying population mobility mapping (PMM) tools at critical locations such as ports, airports, and bus stations in order to improve the understanding of human mobility dynamics in Madagascar and identifying priority communities and locations that may be vulnerable to public health risks, including plague outbreaks, to inform ongoing preparedness and response;
• Deploying health screening points (HSP) at identified strategic locations, and providing training to health workers, law enforcement and other stakeholders on HSP management;
• Developing and rolling out general and targeted awareness campaigns and community engagement activities to sensitize the population regarding preventive behaviours including health screening measures.

IOM will build upon its efforts to promote the implementation of International Health Regulations (IHR) standards and improve the capacity of personnel at points of entry (PoE), while addressing existing challenges, by:

• Supporting the revision, development and/or implementation of public health emergency response plans and standard operating procedures (SOP) for coordination and operations at points of entry (PoE) during public health and other emergencies, and supporting training and conducting simulation exercises on plans and procedures for border management stakeholders;
• Supporting the government to implement IHR standards at PoEs, to prevent, detect and manage public health threats, including COVID-19, by supplying materials, equipment and technological systems and ensuring safe and adequate water supply based on the identified needs at the PoE;
• Building the capacities of POE personnel and stakeholders to better respond to cross-border movements of crisis affected populations, including during health emergencies, including the provision of technology, equipment and materials, training on assessments, data collection and analysis, and capacity building on the screening, identification and referral of victims of trafficking in persons and migrant smuggling to state and non-state providers of medical, psychosocial care, shelter, food, clothing, and legal assistance.

To support preparedness efforts on future forced displacement caused by disasters such as drought and cyclones, IOM will support national and regional stakeholders with the skills, tools, and expertise to manage episodes of forced displacement in line with humanitarian response standards and principles by:

• Training national and regional stakeholders on camp coordination and camp management (CCCM) including Sphere standards and principles, protection and GBV;
• Supporting regional stakeholders in the setting up, management, and coordination of temporary displacement sites that enable provision of assistance services to internally displaced persons that meets humanitarian standards and principles;
• Supporting a multi-stakeholder lessons-learned review on the practice of setting up, management, and coordination of displacement sites;
• Providing on the job technical assistance to government and partners during displacement.