IOM will continue to be an essential data collection and analytical service provider that disseminates critical multi-layered information on mobility, vulnerabilities and needs of displaced and mobile populations across Sudan, in-turn contributing to more effective, evidence-based responses. The Displacement Matrix (DTM) will remain central and IOM will conduct surveys, multi-sectoral needs assessments (MSNA) data analysis, publish reports and other data products publication and disseminate these to support evidence-based decision making and a data-driven humanitarian response. 

Includes directly implemented MPCA activities including registration of beneficiaries and distribution of cash assistance through financial service providers.

IOM will contribute to better site management and coordination through implementations of Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM) activities in Sudan. IOM intends to support site management and enhance access to basic services for displaced persons, including through  Site Management Support activities. This includes facilitating access to basic services at a site level and in an area-based approach through referrals as well as CCCM capacity building for site management staff, local authorities, and IDPs. IOM will support or facilitate the creation of inclusive self-organizing community committees and facilitate access to complaints and feedback mechanisms (CFMs) with awareness raising campaigns for existing mechanisms. 

IOM’s shelter and non-food items (NFI) interventions aim to save lives and restore adequate and dignified shelter for vulnerable persons. Activities include distributions of NFIs, emergency shelter kits, and family tents; general site development; and rehabilitation of collective and household centres. 

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) interventions are designed to provide life-saving, long-term and sustainable access to safe water and sanitation. In 2025, IOM will construct and rehabilitate key WASH infrastructure, including boreholes, water piping, water yards, and latrines; undertake hygiene promotion activities; and distribute WASH NFIs and hygiene kits to vulnerable populations. 

IOM seeks to reduce mortality, morbidity, and alleviate the suffering of crisis-affected individuals and strengthen the resilience of at risk populations by ensuring access and availability of quality life-saving health and nutrition services. This includes essential health services (primary healthcare, PHC) with a focus on non-communicable and chronic diseases, vaccinations, and procurement of medical supplies, medicines, and essential equipment to health care facilities.  Key components of IOM health interventions include mergency preparedness and response (EPR), community health and community engagement (including risk education and community engagement, RCCE), support to SGBV survivors (including psychosocial support and clinical management of rape), participation in surveillance (such as WHO’s Early Warning, Alert and Response System, EWARS or community-based surveillance), and contributions to Rapid Response Teams (RRT) led by MOH/WHO, as well as capacity building of healthcare workers focusing on life-saving medical conditions such as outbreak-prone diseases or trauma.  The activity will includes cross border procurement and operation from Chad and South Sudan to access hard-to-reach areas.  

IOM will contribute to re-building the Sudanese health system by rehabilitating health facilities, supporting routine disease surveillance, and strengthening the capacity to frontline healthcare workers from IDP communities. The latter provides livelihood opportunities so the IDPs have choice for further movement or settling where they are. Contributing to coordination effort including cross-border referral and information sharing mechanism, including Mpox preparedness and response.  

Particularly at points of entry (PoE), IOM will support health screening, disease surveillance, emergency preparedness and response, including outbreak control, provision of health services (vaccination, treatment, referral), capacity strengthening for PoE health personnel and border community, hygiene, and health promotion, MHPSS services and the operationalization and maintenance of medical units at PoEs will serve as a one-stop shop for vulnerable communities. 

In response to Mpox pandemic, IOM will build health system and border health capacity at points of entry and along the mobility continuum for communicable disease prevention, detection, and response in line with IOM Mpox preparedness and response plan. Further, IOM will promote mobility-sensitive and inclusive policy, legal and strategic frameworks; as well as strengthen multisectoral partnerships and coordination, including cross border coordination. 

In order to address the broad range of psychosocial issues related to the Sudan crises, IOM promotes and supports MHPSS at the individual, family, and community level. This is integrated into wider efforts to strengthen social cohesion, recovery, and crisis prevention through community engagement. For conflict-affected populations, IOM will deploy multidisciplinary MHPSS teams in collective sites and conduct MHPSS capacity strengthening for partners, community-based protection committees and frontline responders; as well as providing lay-counselling, psychosocial first aid (PFA), and referring to clinical support. IOM will continue to support emergency coordination structures including MHPSS TWGs in Kassala, and the establishment of MHPSS TWGs in Gedaref, Port Sudan, and Northern states. This will be augmented with community engagement activities promoting social cohesion among IDPs, migrants, and host communities. A range of MHPS interventions will also be delivered through MRRCs in Kassala, Gedaref, Northern, and Red Sea state. 
 

IOM will play a crucial role in reducing protection risks for crisis-affected communities, particularly mobile populations. As part of the humanitarian response, IM will provide lifesaving and specialized support including gender-based violence (GBV) response, child protection, and protection assistance at borders through mobile team responses. Activities will include vulnerability screening, interagency site assessment including safety audit, individual protection assistance, case management services including referrals and family tracing reunification , tailored assistance, capacity building, provision of information/awareness raising session, legal assistance and counselling, provision of psychosocial support activities and establishment of Child friendly spaces  and women and girls friendly spaces in IDP sites, establishment of protection help desk, distribution of dignity kits. 
 
As part of humanitarian border management (HBM) support, IOM will integrate protection topics. IOM will undertake Communication with Communities  activities to raise awareness on protection related topics and support the formation of committees to design solutions to displacement, supporting social cohesion, legal counselling, and income generating activities for comprehensive support. IOM will work to strengthen judicial systems and support access to social protection services, as well as strengthening community-based protection mechanisms through advocacy, capacity strengthening, awareness raising, and information dissemination. 
 
In support of vulnerable international migrants in Sudan, IOM will undertake vulnerability screening, provide individual protection assistance and case management services including referrals as part of a comprehensive approach in MRCCs in Gedaref, Kassala, Dongola and Port Sudan. IOM will also advocate for alternatives to detention. IOM will further focus on developing more robust mechanisms for victim assistance and integrated protection, applying an HBM approach, promoting protection regular pathways for the most vulnerable migrants. 

IOM provides humane, dignified, and voluntary movement support to internal and international migrants stranded by crises. Movement assistance includes evacuations; voluntary relocation, return and repatriation; and family reunification, as well as efforts for counter-trafficking and the protection of stranded migrants. In 2025, IOM will provide  emergency movement assistance, including Voluntary Humanitarian Return (VHR) and evacuations.  

With potential further displacement out of Sudan and complex mobility patterns, IOM will continue to support national and local authorities in responding to the increased pressure at border crossings. These efforts will create more humane conditions for those on the mobility continuum, ensuring respect for their rights and dignity. Capacity-strengthening efforts for border officials will focus on enhancing their understanding of humanitarian border management principles, improving operational capacities at border crossings, and strengthening the technical skills of both border officials and other authorities present at these locations. 

In the context of ongoing conflict and continued displacement strengthening capacities towards sustainable livelihoods, economic recovery and employment can be critical to foster self-reliance, enhance social cohesion, and support early recovery and sustainable development. IOM aims to support livelihoods and resilience by adopting a whole-of-society approach. Activities will include material and technical support for agriculture, livestock and veterinary assistance, as well as vocational training, to address loss of livelihoods and food insecurity due to the ongoing humanitarian crisis. IOM will also support efforts to access higher education for Sudanese students as a means to promote access to livelihoods opportunities and development, including information provision, advocacy with embassies and Ministries of Education in destination countries, visa application assistance and in-kind assistance. 

Many of those in protracted displacement live in precarious conditions and at risk of further displacement or eviction. Many of the displaced, as well as those returning to their area of origin, face challenges in accessing their housing, land and property (HLP) rights due to dispossession and barriers in accessing effective legal pathways and support. In order to support the resilience of affected persons, IOM will address challenges related to HLP rights, claims and restitution by undertaking assessments to determine HLP needs and providing HLP case management for returnees and displaced persons. IOM will also strengthen the capacity of local authorities, civil society organizations and community leaders to develop meaningful and clear pathways for addressing HLP grievances and supporting the technical provision of legal aid, as well as raising community-level on HLP rights and pathways.

Forced displacement can weaken or diminish the social, physical and security systems required for communities in areas of displacement to function. With areas of displacement typically being fragile contexts, this can lead to displaced persons being exposed to increased communal tensions over scarce resources, marginalization, and being denied access to essential basic services. To ensure that areas of displacement are able to appropriately absorb new displaced persons who are in-turn not exposed to a new set of protection concerns, IOM will support initiatives aimed at promoting dialogue and understanding among diverse communities. This entails working with local government counterparts, stakeholders, and individuals, and holding focus group discussions, community-based planning workshops and events promoting social cohesion, as well as establishing community committees. 

In 2025, IOM will contribute towards reducing risks of local conflicts (or increased conflict) by working with communities to identify drivers of conflict, strengthen capacities, and deliver peace dividends. This will entail a range of initiatives aimed at promoting dialogue and understanding among diverse communities, working with local government, stakeholders, and individuals, through focus group discussions, community-based planning workshops, events , and engagement with local populations in the peacebuilding process. An emphasis will be placed on engaging with women and youth.

2024 was a particularly acute year for natural hazards, with significant flooding in Sudan leading to additional displacement, limiting access to basic services, and increasing water-borne diseases. IOM will undertake a range of emergency preparedness and disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures to strengthen preparedness and reduce risks. Emergency support, information sharing and awareness raising will be key, alongside mitigation measures and policy level support.  

IOM will build the capacity of partners to provide life-saving humanitarian assistance. This will primarily be done through the provision of technical, in-kind and logistical support to essential response actors that could include UN Agencies, national or international NGOs, CSOs and CBOs. Core components in 2025 will include the common pipeline and the Rapid Response Fund (RRF). IOM will continue the operation of the common pipeline to ensure shelter and NFI distributions across Sudan. This will include increasing IOM’s warehouse capacity, prepositioning capability, and coverage in hard-to-reach areas in order to support partner organizations provide assistance through the common pipeline. IOM will also continue to manage the RRF, a flexible, streamlined, and needs-based fund disbursement mechanism to further support humanitarian actors who are assisting vulnerable persons.