IOM will continue to strengthen its interventions in CCCM to ensure that protection and basic minimum living standards for displaced populations are met within displacement sites and host communities. IOM will ensure that the provision of humanitarian assistance is coordinated through the CCCM working group, that sectoral gaps (WASH, shelter, NFI, protection, education and health) and protection risks are identified in consultation with communities, especially women and girls and that the information is communicated and advocated to respective clusters in order to undertake mitigation measures. IOM will also ensure that information on the numbers and profiles of IDPs is available, updated and shared with the humanitarian community in line with the IOM data protection policy. Initiatives will include:

• Ensure camp management services are available for displaced populations residing in camps and camps-like setting;
• Support government partners to strengthen their role as camp administrators;
• Monitor and update data on new arrivals and departures of IDPs;
• Implement care and maintenance of site infrastructure;
• Facilitate the establishment of site governance structures, strengthen capacities of IDP committees, and ensure meaningful participation and representation of women;
• Facilitate coordinated humanitarian assistance in displacement sites through ensuring the functioning of the CCCM working group;
• Advocate and coordinate efforts for the voluntary return, relocation and local integration for displaced populations;
• Provide CCCM training for humanitarian partners including government entities;
• Ensure management of information and data on IDPs, including mapping of displacement sites, carry out registration vulnerability assessment of displaced population and durable solutions surveys to capture intentions of IDPs for return, relocation, or local integration, in coordination with the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) unit.

Context-specific shelter operations in displacement sites and host communities are essential to support minimum standard of dignified and safe living condition, minimize health-related risks, and reduce protection risks, including gender-based violence (GBV). In 2022, IOM will continue to assess shelter needs in displacement sites especially in new spontaneous sites, and in host communities. The most vulnerable IDPs residing in sites and in host communities will be targeted and provided with emergency shelter and NFI kits through various modalities, including in-kind and/or cash-based assistance.

IOM will:

• Continue implementing an inclusive approach focused on engaging beneficiaries to ensure context-specific shelter solutions (e.g. emergency shelter, transitional shelter, cash-based modalities) are provided;
• Implement site planning/layout or site restructuring to ensure safe and dignified shelter solutions are put in place;
• Provide targeted populations with shelter construction materials or cash assistance for shelter while ensuring that materials used are adapted to the local context, aligned with the shelter cluster guidelines, and meet specifications for safe construction;
• Ensure engagement and active participation of the targeted populations by providing technical training on safe construction to community members to facilitate them to take lead and support construction activities in their communities;
• Provide tailored assistance to vulnerable households (including persons with special needs, people living with disabilities, women heads of households, pregnant and breastfeeding women, people at risk and survivors of gender-based violence, and so forth) including support for labour cost to ensure that their shelter needs are met;
• Ensure protection mainstreaming including mitigation of GBV risks throughout all shelter interventions.

IOM’s WASH interventions aim at improving access to sufficient and safe WASH services for conflict-affected populations, as well as improving hygiene practices in displacement sites and host communities in North Kivu, Tanganyika, and Ituri as well as communities affected by disease epidemics. This will include:

• Ensure construction, rehabilitation, and decommissioning of emergency sanitation facilities, showers, and handwashing stations with gender segregation in which facilities will be clearly marked with pictogram on the designation for men or women and equipped with locks as well as lighting to reduce risk of GBV;
• Implement construction and/or rehabilitation of water system or networks;
• Ensure engagement and participation of the affected populations throughout planning, construction, as well as maintenance especially through the community-based WASH committees in displacement sites;
• Carry-out hygiene promotion activities in displacement sites across North Kivu, Ituri, and Tanganyika provinces based on a thorough understanding of hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices of IDPs and host communities to minimize risks of waterborne diseases and improve health of the targeted communities. Hygiene promotion activities will be carried out following national guidelines on COVID-19 preventive measures, such as physical distancing and wearing of face masks.
• Ensure integration of protection and gender-based violence (GBV) mainstreaming throughout its WASH interventions in displacement sites, host communities, and in areas of return or relocation to mitigate risks and prevent protection concerns;
• Provide WASH support in health facilities and at health screening points (Point of Entry-POE, Point of Control-POC).

IOM will provide life-saving primary health care services to populations affected by conflict and disease outbreaks, including IDPs and host communities. This will include:

• Provide direct health services, in support to the Ministry of Health facilities in the affected areas, in particular primary health care services, sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) services;
• Build the capacity of health staff at health zones and provincial levels;
• Implement outreach activities focused on health promotion, providing health education on topics such as good hygiene and sanitation practices for disease prevention;
• Support to the Expanded Program of Immunization to reach hard-to-reach communities and improve the immunization coverage, especially targeting 0-dose children in conflict-affected communities;
• Rehabilitate damaged or destroyed health facilities in order to ensure that basic functionality will contribute to improving the medical referral mechanisms to ensure that displaced populations and host communities have access to basic health care services.

A particular focus will be placed on improving the living conditions in priority health zones affected by recurrent/re-emerging epidemics and areas hosting the largest number of displaced people.

IOM will provide mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) services with a focus on services which ensure a strengthened protection environment in the formal and informal displacement sites and in the host communities/communities of return. All activities will be in line with the IOM Manual on Community-Based MHPSS in Emergencies and Displacement. These initiatives will include:

• Facilitate access to psychosocial services (for example through psychosocial mobile teams (PMTs), counselling, psychosocial support (PSS) hubs, referrals, mediation, psychodrama, and so forth) and other measures to contribute to individual and community psychosocial wellbeing;
• Provide family and community support for people in need of MHPSS to help them maintain their mental health and improve their psychosocial well-being;
• Provide focused psychological services (such as individual and group counselling) to people with pre-existing and/or emerging forms of severe stress, behavioural and relational problems, and mental disorders, including people psychologically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and to survivors of violence;
• Strengthen the capacity of IOM personnel, civil society and government partners in the field of MHPSS, including the promotion of a survivor-centred approach in the case of violence and sexual violence.

IOM's programme will continue to employ a coordinated and integrated approach including democratic dialogue, strengthening state authority, return, reintegration and economic recovery, as well as responsible minerals trade. This program will be implemented in line with the strategy of the Disarmament, Demobilization, and Recovery - Community and Stabilization Program (DDR-CS) of the DRC Government.

Strategic components of the programme include:

• Promote social cohesion and enabling communities to manage local conflicts in coordination with peacebuilding initiatives;
• Increase access to livelihoods and promoting economic recovery through interventions including cash-for-work, vocational training, reinforcing local markets and value chains and access to micro-credit;
• Strengthen government capacities to perform core functions and deliver basic services;
• Increase confidence and mutual trust between the population and public institutions through measures to promote inclusive and participatory governance processes, access to justice and rule of law;
• Promote the rule of law through police professionalization and inclusive and participatory local security management;
• Strengthen government capacities to facilitate responsible mineral trade, and promote mutual sharing and protection of natural resources.

IOM will continue to provide durable solutions to IDPs and conflict-affected communities through the provision of immediate and longer-term support, in-line with relevant frameworks on displacement, durable solutions and the humanitarian-development peace nexus approach in the DRC. IOM will implement interventions in line with its Progressive Resolution of Displacement Situations (PRDS) framework for a broader and more inclusive approach. Interventions will be built upon the PRDS pillars: (1) protection, safety and security; (2) an adequate standard of living (access to adequate food, water, sanitation and hygiene, housing, health services and education); (3) access to sustainable livelihoods; and (4) inclusive governance. These initiatives will include:

• Support voluntary return, relocation and reintegration for displaced populations through the provision of transportation assistance, multisectoral cash assistance, transitional shelter, and WASH assistance in return/relocation area;
• Advocate at various fora (e.g. UNCT, clusters, etc.), to donors, and local authorities for coordinated efforts and programming across the humanitarian development- peace nexus;
• Provide (re)integration support activities such as public information campaigns and activities, strengthening community social cohesion (in coordination with the peace building component);
• Strengthen early economic recovery and value chains in order to reinforce livelihood opportunities (in coordination with the community stabilization component);
• Establish an exchange platform for inclusive participation in the decision-making process;
• Raise awareness on international protection and assistance principles, including a module on site closure and durable solutions.

IOM will support the Ministry of Health to develop emergency preparedness and response plans, including for disease outbreaks, aiming to foster a migration-sensitive approach to preparedness and risk reduction in line with and based on the IOM Health Borders and Mobility Management Framework. Initiatives will include:

• Map public health risks and emergencies;
• Implement population mobility mapping exercises to better understand mobility trends and inform national preparedness and response planning for outbreaks and other public health threats;
• Coordinate with national and international actors, contributing to the One-Health platform particularly with regards to the analysis of emerging and re-emerging diseases;
• In line with WASH hygiene promotion activities, enhance health related risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) across all IOM projects and target populations.

For its COVID-19 response, IOM will focus on:

• Support COVID-19 preparedness and response with a focus on preventing and monitoring risks of epidemic spread across borders and along major mobility routes in the country;
• Support COVID-19 vaccination of mobile populations at high-risk based on the national COVID-19 vaccination strategy, with a focus on supporting the implementation of COVID-19 vaccination at points of entry.

IOM will continue to build on its expertise in global health security and health border management in DRC, both in emergency and stable contexts, to provide support to the Ministry of Health and promote a multi-sectoral approach to border management in collaboration with other IOM departments, aiming at strengthening the core capacities of the International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005, in line with the Plan d'action national de sécurité sanitaire(PANSS) and the Joint External Evaluation (JEE)2018. Initiatives will include:

• Strengthen Ministry of Health technical and operational capacity on disease surveillance and management, and develop IHR 2005 competences at the national, provincial and local level;
• Foster a multisectoral approach on the management of POE including a close collaboration with the other departments and the operational order at the borders;
• Develop and pilot a Community Event-Based Surveillance (CEBS) and RCCE strategy for mobile populations crossing international and provincial borders and the communities in which they live/work and transit, including informal cross border traders;
• Develop and pilot a zonal approach to mobile population health, integrating POE disease surveillance within the existing health zone structure;
• Provide WASH services at POE to ensure sufficient access to clean water and support the efforts to prevent and control the transmission of diseases, as well as ensure cleaning and disinfection at borders.

DTM tracks and monitors displacement and movements of populations in IDP sites and host communities as well as those on the move. IOM aims to continue implementing different components of its DTM and seek the possibility to expand DTM activities to reach nationwide coverage. DTM interventions will focus on mobility tracking, which includes registration of IDPs, surveys and assessments, including intention surveys for durable solutions and vulnerability assessments, in close coordination with camp coordination and camp management, flow monitoring, and emergency tracking. Initiatives will include:

• Monitor movement of populations and accordingly, provide the humanitarian actors with a comprehensive picture on the number, profile, and needs of displaced populations and returnees including information regarding areas hosting displaced populations;
• Produce and update maps of IDP sites and return/relocation villages and share them with the humanitarian community;
• Conduct village assessment surveys (VAS) to collect data on returning IDPs, returned migrants and host community members as part of the durable solutions to improve access to services, livelihoods and reintegration;
• Following alerts on new movement of populations, carry-out emergency tracking surveys to rapidly collect information on number of the new displaced persons, areas of origin, locations where they take refuge and humanitarian assistance required following the alert of new displacement;
• Continue the use of DTM interventions and tools to support preparedness and response to health emergencies including Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), COVID-19, cholera and other emerging epidemics. This includes the assessment at village level on the availability of health facilities and COVID-19 awareness among the surveyed communities;
• Carry-out population mobility mapping and flow monitoring (FM) activities to monitor the movement of populations crossing international borders and travelling along major mobility routes to inform disease epidemics response strategies, such as the activation of points of health control along mobility corridors and borders, to reinforce disease surveillance, IPC measures and RCCE among travellers, or to understand population movements and trends in other key corridors.